Food Allergy and Food Intolerance

What is the difference between food allergy and food intolerance?

There is an abnormal reaction of the body's immune system to a particular food with a food allergy. This can range from mild to severe and life-threatening reactions. Common reactions include skin problems such as rashes and eczema, tummy (abdominal) symptoms, and bowel disturbance.

Food intolerance happens because the body has difficulty digesting certain substances in food. Food intolerance can cause symptoms such as diarrhea, bloating, and stomach cramps. However, there is no allergic reaction with food intolerance, and the immune system is generally not involved.

The symptoms of food intolerance usually occur a few hours after eating the food. Allergic reactions usually happen much more quickly. With food intolerances, you need a lot more of the food to cause the symptoms.

What causes food allergy?

The most common food allergy triggers are egg, cow's milk (dairy), peanut, tree nuts, sesame, soy, wheat, fish, and other seafood. However, almost any food can cause an allergic reaction, including fruits.

What causes food intolerance?

Lactose intolerance and direct effects of foods and additives are the more common causes. Many people incorrectly assume symptoms they have due to food intolerances when their symptoms are not due to food. Consequently, people commonly cut things out of their diet that they believe in, causing their problems. In itself, this can lead to further problems.