Migraines are a recurring type of headache. They cause moderate to severe pain that is throbbing or pulsing. The pain is often on one side of your head. You may also have other symptoms, such as nausea and weakness. You may be sensitive to light and sound.
Signs and symptoms:
There are four different phases of migraines. You may not always go through every phase each time you have a migraine.
- Prodome. This phase starts up to 24 hours before you get the migraine. You have early signs and symptoms, such as food cravings, unexplained mood changes, uncontrollable yawning, fluid retention, and increased urination.
- Aura. You might see flashing or bright lights or zig-zag lines or you may have muscle weakness.
- Headache. A migraine usually starts gradually and then becomes more severe. It typically causes throbbing or pulsing pain, which is often on one side of your head. But sometimes you can have a migraine without a headache.
- Postdrome (following the headache). You may feel exhausted, weak, and confused after a migraine. This can last up to a day.
When to see the doctor?
- Even if you have a history of headaches, see your doctor if the pattern changes or your headaches suddenly feel different.
- See your doctor immediately or go to the emergency room if you have any of the following signs and symptoms, which could indicate a more serious medical problem:
- An abrupt, severe headache like a thunderclap
- Headache with fever, stiff neck, confusion, seizures, double vision, numbness or weakness in any part of the body, which could be a sign of a stroke
- Headache after a head injury
- A chronic headache that is worse after coughing, exertion, straining or a sudden movement
- New headache pain after age 50
https://medlineplus.gov/migraine.html
https://www.bettersafercare.vic.gov.au/clinical-guidance/emergency/migraine
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/migraine-headache/symptoms-causes/syc-20360201